EB-5投資人翹首以盼的美國(guó)移民局B表今天終于公布，中國(guó)大陸EB-5的收件截止日期為2015年5月15日，與美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院同步。見(jiàn)下表：

　　美國(guó)移民局B表同步國(guó)務(wù)院B表，為什么是一個(gè)重大的利好信號(hào)：

　　B表相當(dāng)于排期的遠(yuǎn)期指數(shù)，A表相當(dāng)于排期的當(dāng)前指數(shù)。移民局同步國(guó)務(wù)院，將B表收件截止日定在2015年5月15日，說(shuō)明即使是相對(duì)保守的移民局，也對(duì)排期的遠(yuǎn)期前景展現(xiàn)樂(lè)觀。

　　國(guó)務(wù)院與移民局B表中越南、印度等國(guó)家均沒(méi)有排期，說(shuō)明這些國(guó)家對(duì)我們一年后的遠(yuǎn)期影響不大。

　　又一個(gè)中國(guó)EB-5投資人排期最黑暗的時(shí)期已經(jīng)過(guò)去的重要信號(hào)。

　　同時(shí)，我們也要以平常心對(duì)待B表的進(jìn)步，兆龍移民估計(jì)B表大幅進(jìn)步于A表，應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)的現(xiàn)象，不只是短期一兩個(gè)月的暫時(shí)現(xiàn)象，所以投資人不必為搶時(shí)間而著急。可以預(yù)見(jiàn)，如果移民中介公司們像以前一樣大肆鼓動(dòng)投資人提前登錄美國(guó)遞交485，不排除美國(guó)移民局再次把B表收件截止日期縮短。所以，還是讓我們保持平常心，順勢(shì)而為，如果確實(shí)已經(jīng)在美國(guó)，并且符合在美國(guó)境內(nèi)遞件485的條件，就通過(guò)美國(guó)律師盡快準(zhǔn)備。如果不在美國(guó)，不要勉強(qiáng)為之。

　　下面附上兆隆投友會(huì)美國(guó)EB-5主任律師Yevgeny Samokhleb的B表指導(dǎo)文章。

　　Understanding the NVC and USCIS Visa Bulletins

　　NVC和USCIS移民排期公告解讀

　　By 作者: Yevgeny Samokhleb律師

　　Every month the National Visa Center (NVC) and USCIS publish a Visa Bulletin that announces which priority dates are eligible for immigrant visa processing. Priority dates are based on the date that a petition for an immigration benefit was initially submitted. Because there are more applicants for immigration every year than there are available visas, approved immigrants must wait in a visa queue until their priority date becomes available.

　　美國(guó)國(guó)家簽證中心(NVC)和移民局(USCIS)每月都會(huì)發(fā)布移民排期公告，公布移民簽證辦理的優(yōu)先日期進(jìn)度。優(yōu)先日期，即申請(qǐng)人最初遞交移民申請(qǐng)的日期。因?yàn)槊磕甑囊泼裆暾?qǐng)人數(shù)多于可簽發(fā)的簽證數(shù)量，所以獲批的移民申請(qǐng)人必須排隊(duì)等待簽證名額，直到排期前進(jìn)到他們的優(yōu)先日期。

　　The monthly Visa Bulletin consists of two charts. Chart A is called “Final Action Dates,” and shows priority dates for which a visa is available. Chart B is called “Dates for Filing,” and shows priority dates for which paperwork may be preliminarily submitted. Priority dates become available for processing per Chart B first – several months or even years before the actual visas become available per Chart A. The purpose of Chart B is to enable immigrants to prepare and file their necessary paperwork in advance. Subsequently, when their priority date become current per Chart A, they will only need to attend a visa interview to complete their case.

　　月度排期公告包括兩個(gè)表格。表A是“綠卡批準(zhǔn)排期”，顯示可簽發(fā)簽證的優(yōu)先日期;表B是“遞件排期”，顯示可遞交申請(qǐng)文件的最早日期。表B排期進(jìn)度快于表A排期數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年不等。表B的目的是讓美國(guó)移民申請(qǐng)人可以提前準(zhǔn)備遞交必要的文件。這樣，當(dāng)表A顯示排期前進(jìn)到申請(qǐng)人優(yōu)先日的時(shí)候，申請(qǐng)人只需去面簽即可完成移民申請(qǐng)。

　　NVC publishes its Visa Bulletin around the middle of each month, and USCIS publishes its own within a week thereafter. For immigrants going through NVC consular processing, Chart B on the NVC Visa Bulletin will inform them of eligibility to file the DS-260 Immigrant Visa Application. For immigrants who are already in the United States on a temporary visa, Chart B on the USCIS Visa Bulletin will inform them of eligibility to file an I-485 Application for Adjustment of Status.

　　NVC大概每月中旬公布排期，USCIS則在其后一周內(nèi)公布。對(duì)于正在辦理NVC領(lǐng)事手續(xù)的申請(qǐng)人，NVC排期表B將告知他們可遞交DS-260美國(guó)移民簽證申請(qǐng)的日期。對(duì)于已經(jīng)持臨時(shí)簽證入境美國(guó)的申請(qǐng)人， USCIS排期表B將告知他們可遞交I-485身份調(diào)整申請(qǐng)的日期。

　　Though the two Visa Bulletins are related, they are not identical. Chart A visa availability dates will always be the same for both NVC and USCIS. However, Chart B filing eligibility may vary. Chart B is based on anticipated application demand and the processing capacity of each agency. Due to long processing backlogs, USCIS often disallows I-485 filings per Chart B or restricts them to only certain immigration categories. Thus, it is considered a privilege to be able to file an I-485 Application for Adjustment of Status based on Chart B.

　　兩個(gè)排期表雖有關(guān)聯(lián)，但是并不完全相同。表A上NVC和USCIS顯示的美國(guó)簽證可簽發(fā)日期是始終一樣的，而表B顯示的可遞交日期卻可能不同。表B的排期按預(yù)期申請(qǐng)需求以及每個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的審理能力而定。由于處理積壓申請(qǐng)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，USCIS通常不允許根據(jù)表B遞交I-485，或者對(duì)其移民申請(qǐng)類別進(jìn)行限制。因此，能夠基于表B遞交I-485申請(qǐng)身份調(diào)整被視為一種優(yōu)待。

　　It is important to note that those who may be eligible to file an I-485 Application in the United States should not always immediately do so. For those who arrived in the U.S. on a temporary nonimmigrant visa, an I-485 should usually not be filed until at least 90 days after their date of entry. Filing an I-485 sooner creates a possible risk of being found of having misrepresented their entry intent in a way that’s inconsistent with the intended purpose of such nonimmigrant visas. However, those who are in the U.S. in H-1B or L-1 status are exempt the 90-day rule, and may file an I-485 application at any time.

　　需要注意的是，符合在美國(guó)遞交I-485的申請(qǐng)人并非都應(yīng)立即遞交申請(qǐng)。對(duì)于已經(jīng)通過(guò)臨時(shí)非移民簽證入境美國(guó)的申請(qǐng)人，通常應(yīng)在入境至少90天后再遞交I-485申請(qǐng)。提早遞交申請(qǐng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致移民局懷疑申請(qǐng)人的入境意圖與非移民簽證的預(yù)期意圖不一致。但是，如果申請(qǐng)人在美國(guó)持有H-1B簽證或L-1簽證，則不用考慮這一點(diǎn)，可隨時(shí)遞交I-485申請(qǐng)。

　　For beneficiaries of an approved immigration petition, NVC and USCIS each provides a route to the same Green Card, but the process is different. Both require similar paperwork, which largely consists of personal biographic information and documents such as passports, birth certificates, marriage certificates, etc. However, each one also has some advantages and disadvantages.

　　對(duì)于移民申請(qǐng)獲批的受益人，NVC和USCIS都提供獲得相同綠卡的途徑，但審理過(guò)程不同。兩者要求的文件類似，基本上包括個(gè)人履歷信息及護(hù)照、出生證、結(jié)婚證等文件。但是兩者各有其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。

　　Filing an I-485 with USCIS grants applicants immediate lawful status in the United States, and supersedes their existing temporary visa. Within approximately a month of filing, applicants will receive an appointment for fingerprinting at a local USCIS office. Applicants also typically file a simultaneous Form I-765 and Form I-131, which upon approval respectively grant the right to work and travel until a Green Card is issued. Without an I-131 travel document, I-485 applicants may not leave the U.S. before they obtain a Green Card. Thus, it is always advisable to apply for a travel document – especially for those who file an early I-485 Application per Chart B. With an I-131 Application for Advance Parole, applicants may leave the U.S. after the travel document is approved. Both the I-765 and I-131 are typically approved within 3-5 months, and applicants are issued employment and travel documents that are usually valid for 2 years and can be renewed thereafter if the Green Card application still remains pending.

　　向USCIS遞交I-485的申請(qǐng)人可直接獲得在美國(guó)的合法身份，并取代他們現(xiàn)有的臨時(shí)簽證。遞交申請(qǐng)后一個(gè)月左右，申請(qǐng)人即可收到USCIS當(dāng)?shù)剞k事處的打指紋預(yù)約。通常，申請(qǐng)人還會(huì)同時(shí)遞交I-765和I-131表格，表格獲批后，申請(qǐng)人在綠卡尚未發(fā)放期間可以出入美國(guó)，在美國(guó)工作。如果沒(méi)有I-131回美證，I-485申請(qǐng)人在獲得綠卡前就不得離開(kāi)美國(guó)。因此，我們一般建議申請(qǐng)回美證，尤其是那些按照表B提早遞交I-485的申請(qǐng)人。I-131回美證獲批后，申請(qǐng)人便可離開(kāi)美國(guó)。I-765和I-131申請(qǐng)獲批通常需要3至5個(gè)月，證件有效期通常為2年，到期后如果綠卡還未發(fā)放，可申請(qǐng)續(xù)簽。

　　Obtaining a Green Card through the NVC process is generally less expensive ($565 vs $1,225 per family member) and much quicker (a few months vs 1-2 years) than with USCIS, but does not provide the security and comfort of residing in the U.S. during the application process. It should be noted that unless derivative family members (spouse and children) file simultaneously and together with the primary applicant, they will have to wait until the primary applicant receives his or her Green Card. Thus, if the petitioner lives in China while his or her child is a student residing in the U.S., the child may not file a I-485 application separately from the parent petitioner unless the parent first completes the NVC visa process and enters the United States. Therefore, once the time for filing arrives, immigrant families will have to weigh their available options and determine the one most suitable for them.

　　相比于USCIS，通過(guò)NVC審理獲取綠卡通常花費(fèi)更少(每個(gè)家庭成員565美元，USCIS為1225美元)，速度更快(幾個(gè)月即可，而USCIS為1至2年)，但是不允許申請(qǐng)人申請(qǐng)期間在美國(guó)居住。另外還有一點(diǎn)，如果主申請(qǐng)人的家庭成員(配偶和子女)不是和主申請(qǐng)人一起同時(shí)遞交申請(qǐng)的話，其成員必須等主申請(qǐng)人獲得綠卡。因此，如果申請(qǐng)人在中國(guó)居住，而子女在美國(guó)就讀的話，其子女不得單獨(dú)遞交I-485申請(qǐng)，除非父母已經(jīng)完成NVC簽證辦理并入境美國(guó)。所以，一旦到了遞交時(shí)間，移民家庭必須權(quán)衡分析，選擇最合適的遞交方式。

　　Yevgeny Samokhleb律師